On October, 22, 2015, the Centre for Information Technology and Development (CITAD) Kano, with support from the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation Program (NSRP), hosted the fourth of a series of media sensitization program on hate and dangerous speech workshop for journalists. This one was for journalists from the South South geopolitical zone, held in Port Harcourt.

The event which was held at the Social Development Integrated Centre in Port Harcourt was attended by journalists from various print, electronic as well as online media platforms, members of the Rivers state executive council of the Nigeria Union of Journalists as well a representative of the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation Program’s Port Harcourt regional office.

The event had in attendance journalists from about 40 media organizations including the Tide newspaper, Leadership, Radio Rivers, amongst others.

Opening Remarks

In his welcome remarks, Adam Alqali, CITAD’s Media & Communication Associate introduced the Centre for Information Technology and Development (CITAD) to the participants describing the organization as a capacity building civil society organization whose activities covers research, advocacy, training as well as publicity in all areas of ICT.

He added that CITAD’s activities cut across various thematic areas including governance, entrepreneurship, ICT for development, community support services as well as peace campaigns, under which the hate speech monitoring and countering project falls. He stated that the project which started in January 2015 with the support of the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation Program (NSRP) and MacArthur Foundation had a monitoring platform that monitors activities on Nigeria’s social media landscape (24 hours/ 7days) including in local languages.

1st Presentation: Understanding Dangerous and Hate Speech

In his presentation, Understanding Dangerous and Hate Speech, Abdulganiyu Rufai, CITAD’s program officer in charge of peace projects described the social media, which is a means of communication that is open to everyone, as purveyors of problems. He said the social media as a platform had security implications including being used for spreading hate and dangerous speech; being used by those recruiting youth into violent engagements; as well as its being used for identity theft and impersonation to cause confusion and defraud people

Speaking on the Benesch framework of identifying hate and dangerous speech he said the 5 factors for identifying hate speech were: the speaker and his/her influence over a given audience; a receptive audience subject to incitement by speaker; speech content understood as a call to violence; social and historical context of the speech; as well as medium of disseminating speech, including language.

He added that over the last three years, CITAD has been involved in working on social media on three different themes including social media for peace campaign; monitoring and countering of hate speech; as well as developing of cattle rustling tracking information system (catris)

2nd Presentation: Monitoring Hate Speech – A Synopsis of the Result

DISCUSSION

Omoni Ayo-Tamuno, Chairman, Rivers NUJ

While opening the discussion session, Omoni Ayo-Tamuno, the chairman of the Rivers State council of the Nigeria Union of Journalists, who was represented by his vice chairperson, Ms Uche Abah said the NUJ was happy with the hate speech monitoring and countering initiative calling on journalists to be cautious of what they say on air/ publish and ensure they caution their guests on TV/ radio programs against disseminating hate and dangerous speeches on their media platforms.

COMMUNIQUE

At the end of the program the following resolutions were made by participants at the media sensitization program;

Observations

• Journalists tend to use their media platforms to promote their own opinions instead of being impartial to issues which are against the ethics of the journalism profession.
• Some TV/radio programs presenters have tendencies for trying to influence their guests into speaking in favour of their own personal opinions which is unethical.
• Journalists’ reporting are being influenced by their biases hence the tendency to spread hate and dangerous speeches on traditional media platforms.
• Journalists seem to underestimate the powerful influence of the media in inciting the people hence the tendency to disseminate hate and dangerous speech
• Journalists are not equipped with conflict sensitive communication skills  which is  also responsible for hate and dangerous speech in the media

Recommendations:

• Journalists should avoid publishing/broadcasting information that are libelous or seditious
• Journalists’ reporting activities should always be guided by responsibilities to their societies, media owners and personal integrity.
• Journalists must always adhere to the principles of responsible and ethical journalism to be able to avoid the dissemination of hate and dangerous speech
• Journalists should always be conscious of the culture of the people of their host communities so they don’t broadcast/publish what may be misinterpreted by their audience.
• CITAD and the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation  Program (NSRP) should organize more such sensitization programs to keep media stakeholders on their toes
• Journalists should always be careful when it comes to their choice of words; they should know the types of words they use; how and when they use them.
• Journalists should not align themselves with the interests of their employers (media owners) when it is again the interest of the society.
• Journalists should not always be bugged by the fear of losing their jobs which makes it difficult for them to avoid broadcasting/ publishing hate and dangerous speech on the order of their employers as they will always get other opportunities when sacked.
• Journalists should always apply common sense in their reportorial jobs by investigating and balancing stories before airing/publishing them.
• Journalists should always be apolitical by being impartial about issues
• Radio and TV presenters should regularly invite experts for discussions on hate and dangerous speech on their media platforms.
• NUJ should join the campaign against hate and dangerous speech dissemination in the media
• Journalists should form media coalitions against hate and dangerous speech so as to be the ones campaigning against it themselves.

On October, 20, 2015, the Centre for Information Technology and Development (CITAD) Kano, with support from the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation Program (NSRP), hosted a one-day media sensitization program on hate and dangerous speech with journalists and other media stakeholders form the South West geopolitical zone in Lagos.

The event which was held at the International Press Centre (IPC) in Ogba, Ikeja was attended by amongst others, the director of the International Press Centre, chairman Lagos State council of the Nigeria Union of Journalists (NUJ); the regional director (Lagos) of the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC); as well as the deputy program manager of the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation Program (NSRP).

The event had in attendance journalists from over 40 media organizations including Thisday, Guardian, Vanguard, Radio Nigeria, Leadership, and TV Continental, amongst others.

 

1st Presentation: Understanding Dangerous and Hate Speech

In his presentation, Understanding Dangerous and Hate Speech, Abdulganiyu Rufai, CITAD’s program officer in charge of peace projects described the social media, which is a means of communication that is open to everyone, as purveyors of problems. He said the social media as a platform had security implications including being used for spreading hate and dangerous speech; being used by those recruiting youth into violent engagements; as well as its being used for identity theft and impersonation to cause confusion and defraud people

Speaking on the Benesch framework of identifying hate and dangerous speech he said the 5 factors for identifying hate speech were: the speaker and his/her influence over a given audience; a receptive audience subject to incitement by speaker; speech content understood as a call to violence; social and historical context of the speech; as well as medium of disseminating speech, including language.

He added that over the last three years, CITAD has been involved in working on social media on three different themes including social media for peace campaign; monitoring and countering of hate speech; as well as developing of cattle rustling tracking information system (catris)

 

2nd Presentation: Hate Speech and Media Reporting

Speaking on Hate Speech and Media Monitoring, Dr Akintunde Akanni of the Department of Journalism at Lagos State University said although Nigeria’s constitution allows for free speech and the country was signatory to various international instruments on free speech, there was need for a clear line to be drawn between free speech as well as hate and dangerous speech. He called on journalists to always be conflict sensitive in their reporting and always carry out rigorous research before publishing/ broadcasting any information.

 

 

DISCUSSION

Lanre Arogundade, IPC

Speaking during the discussion session, Lanre Arogundade, the director of the International Press Centre, IPC, urged presenters of TV/ radio programs to always get in touch with law enforcement agents, media regulators to counter hate/ dangerous speeches aired on their programs. He called on CITAD to extend its monitoring of hate and dangerous speeches from social media platforms to traditional media platforms particularly vernacular radio and TV stations as well as publications.

 

Mrs Bunmi Cole, NBC

In her comments, Mrs Bunmi Cole, the Lagos regional director of the Nigeria Broadcasting Commission (NBC) called on journalists to adhere to the principles of responsible journalism and abide by the guidelines of the Nigeria Broadcasting Code (NBC) which was put together by broadcasting stakeholders in Nigeria. She stated that the Nigeria Broadcasting Code was being reviewed adding that all radio and TV programs in Nigeria must adhere to the principles of quality broadcasting enshrined in it, which she said was also the primary mandate of the NBC.

 

‘Deji Elumuye, NUJ

In his comment, the chairman of the Lagos State council of the Nigeria Union Journalists (NUJ) Mr ‘Deji Elumuye called on journalists to always imbibe the principles and ethics of their profession by avoiding the dissemination of hate and dangerous speech on their radio and TV programs as well as publications. He spoke on his Council’s effort towards ensuring better welfare packages for journalists working for different media organizations in Lagos State to enhance professionalism in their work.

 

Priscilla Ankut, NSRP

While delivering the closing remarks, Ms Priscilla Ankut, the deputy programme manager of the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation Program (NSRP) thanked everyone for their participation in the program describing the discussions as “frank and enthusiastic” adding that NSRP looked forward to further engagements regarding countering of hate and dangerous speech in the media with journalists in Lagos.

 

 

COMMUNIQUE

At the end of the program the following resolutions were made by participants at the media sensitization program;

 

Observations

• There is need for a clear line to be drawn between hate and dangerous speech
• Hate and dangerous speech tend to sell more quickly on the social media
• There is a tendency for hate and dangerous speech disseminators who are mostly youth to leave social media platforms that have become populated by mature minds for newer social media platforms on which they continue to disseminate hate and dangerous speeches.
• Journalists’ reporting are being influenced by their biases hence the tendency to spread hate and dangerous speeches on traditional media platforms.
• Journalists seem to underestimate the powerful influence of the media in inciting the people hence the tendency to disseminate hate and dangerous speech
• Journalists are not equipped with conflict sensitive communication skills  which is  also responsible for hate and dangerous speech in the media

 

Recommendations:

 

• For Journalists to avoid hate and dangerous speeches they must learn to be above their biases and sentiments in the course of their reportorial activities
• Journalists including radio and TV presenters should understand the power of the media in influencing people’s thinking as well as the way people react to sensitive issues.
• Journalists must always adhere to the principles of responsible and ethical journalism to be able to avoid the dissemination of hate and dangerous speech
• Journalists must always try to balance their reporting by embarking on research reporting
• CITAD and the Nigeria Stability and Reconciliation  Program (NSRP) should organize more such sensitization programs to keep media stakeholders on their toes
• The NBC should continuously sensitize advertising practitioners as well as religious leaders on hate and dangerous speech
• Journalists including TV and radio presenters should always get hate and dangerous speeches disseminated by influential speakers countered by equally influential speakers
• Media organizations should always counter hate and dangerous speeches published/ aired on their networks.
• Journalists including TV and radio presenters  should always get  law enforcement agents, media regulators to counter hate and dangerous speech broadcast on their platforms
• CITAD should extend its monitoring of hate and dangerous speech to the traditional media – beyond the social media
• Journalists including radio and TV presenters need to be trained on conflict sensitive re

 

By Sufyan Lawal Kabo

 

On 17th October 2015, the Centre for Information Technology and Development (CITAD) launched a new office in Jama’are LGA of Bauchi State bringing the number of CITAD offices to five: Kano (Headquarters), Dutse, Bauchi, Azare and Jama’are, with focal offices in Katsina and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

The office, which housed a computer training centre is located at Jama’are LGA Secretariat, Adamami road, Jama’are LGA, Bauchi State

The opening ceremony was held at the premises of the new office. It was attended by large number of guests of different categories ranging from students, civil servants, academicians, business men, religious clerics and traditional rulers. Notable among the dignitaries invited were:

+ Member, House of Representative, Jama’are/Itas Gadau Constituency, Hon Isa Hassan Muhammad, Tafidan Jama’are,

+ The Emir of Jama’are HRH Alhaji Ahmad Muhammad Wabi III and other title holders

+ Member, State House of Rep, Alhaji Magaji Isa, Zannan Jama’are

+ The Acting Chairman, Jama’are LGA, Alhaji Muhammad Danladi Yaba

In his opening remark, CITAD Training Coordinator, Malam Ahmad Abdullahi Yakasai, who represented CITAD Executive Director, Dr. Y.Z. Ya’u explained that the prime objective of establishing the office is to promote the use of ICT and to bridge the wide ICT gap between northern Nigeria and their southern counterparts. He explained that a common analysis report has placed most northern Nigerian states at the bottom list in ICT knowledge in Nigeria. This, he said is a challenge that requires great effort to face, else, the ICT gap connecting the industrialized south and northern part of the country may become even greater in the near future.

He added that “CITAD is addressing the need for ICT knowledge in Nigerian educational system for in this technology-driven age, everyone requires ICT competence to excel in life. I have no doubt that the establishment of the new ICT centre will facilitate learning in educational and entrepreneurial skills especially for the youth in Jama’are LGA and beyond.”  

The overall aim of CITAD as an organization he said is to provide guidelines by both research and practice on how ICT could be deployed in the efforts to promote sustainable development and good governance. CITAD he said, has been carrying out educational programmes such as computer training for various groups such as children, youth, workers, community leaders, community based organizations and professional groups. “…through ICT, we believe that our region could meet with global trend.” Yakasai concluded.  

 

In his speech, the Guest of Honour, House member representing Jama’are/Itas Gadau Constituency, Hon Isa Hassan Muhammad, Tafidan Jama’are, represented by Alhaji Magaji Isa, Zannan Jama’are, Member, State House of Rep commended CITAD for establishing a branch office and computer training centre in Jama’are. He described the effort as patriotic and praise worthy. His words: “…Permit me to use this opportunity to call on our people to embrace the use of ICT in our day- to-day activities. ICT has become the bedrock of development, which was why it has been adopted by developed countries around the world. I call on traditional rulers to mobilize people on this sector. Even as ICT faces many difficulties in northern Nigeria, there is no reason why we cannot overcome it provided it receives the needed shore up it deserves from all stakeholders”

The Emir of Jama’are HRH Alhaji Ahmad Muhammad Wabi III being represented by the Walin Jama’are HH Alhaji Abubakar Muhammad spoke last. His speech began by thanking CITAD on behalf of the entire of people of Jama’are LGA for the big achievement it brought to their community. He explained that the importance of ICT nowadays has become a necessity as it is now in everything we do especially as the internet has made the world flat by providing easy access to information. He further stated that “…Students with ICT knowledge would assist to develop the nation, making use of their experience and advancement in technology. In developed countries, education and businesses have been greatly influenced by ICT and emulating this culture will surely make us to follow suite.

To bridge the wide ICT knowledge gap between the north and the south, the Emir called on northern Nigerian governors to make Information and Communications Technology (ICT) a compulsory study across primary and secondary schools and as well provide them with necessary ICT facilities and other assistance.  

Concluding his speech, the Emir made a comment which attracted big cheers and applause from the crowd: “…To launch this centre, I will be among the first batch of students to enroll for the computer training in order to call the attention of my people on the importance of ICT!”

Goodwill messages were made by other dignitaries during the occasion

Toward ending the occasion, the invited guests were taken round the building to inspect the offices, training labs and facilities. In the course, an educational movie titled Fasahar Sadarwa Don Yara (ICT4Kids) was projected for them to watch and copies of the film were distributed to them. The film was focused to provide education on ICTs for children using illustrations that spark the quest for learning ICT skills.

 

 

From Mustapha Adamu, Kano

A Civil Society Organisation has urged the Nigeria Police Force and Department of State Security Service, DSS to prosecute Femi Fani Kayode over inflammatory statement he made against Fulani herdsmen.

Speaking to newsmen in Kano yesterday the Programme  Officer Peace Project of Centre for Information Technology and Development (CITAD), Abdulganiyyu Rufa’i Yakub, called on the law enforcement agencies to arrest, investigate and prosecute the former spokesman of Jonathan/ Sambo presidential campaign in 2015.

Kayode, had in an article published in the Guardian newspapers on Wednesday, 30th September, 2015, described Fulani herdsmen as the pest of Nigeria, African Tsetse flies, other derogatory statements, calling on people in the Southern region to unleash violence against the nomadic people.

The group also called on all stakeholders to recognise the danger the statement poses and act decisively to stop it before enemies of the country use the opportunity to drag it into chaos and confusion.

He said “ It would be recalled that FFK in a recent article on page 15 of the Guardian newspaper of 30th September, 2015, described Fulani Herdsmen as ‘pest of Nigeria, African Tsetse flies, blood suckers, leeches, destroyers and killers, terrorists’ and all sorts of names. He did not stop at these de-humanizing descriptions but heedlessly went on to call upon the people of southern Nigeria to unleash collective violence against the largely unprotected people.”

Continuing Yakubu added that “While we condemn this irresponsibly inflammatory article, we strongly demand law enforcement agencies, DSS and the NPF specifically, to investigate and prosecute him for such callous and inciting statements.”

The civil society group also urged the stakeholders to not just condemn the statements but insists that ‎law must take its course, noting that if appropriate punishment is taken against him it would deter those bent on destroying the country’s cohesion.

They however called on the people of the southern region to shun all calls for violence and embrace their fellow compatriots in order to sustain the nation’s peaceful coexistence.

NTRODUCTION
The Centre for Information Technology and
Development (CITAD) with support
from Nigeria Stability and Reconciliatory
Programmed (NSRP) on the 24th
August, 2015 organized a one-day media
sensitization forum on hate and
dangerous speech. The program took place at the
conference hall of Aminu
Kano Centre for Democratic Research and Training
(Mambayya House). It
brought together Journalists and media
practitioners from various media
houses, members of CSOs and CBOs spread
across Kano state.
The program was attended by 50 representatives of
the invited stakeholder
organizations and the objective of the forum is “to
contain the speed of
hate speech in the society and to strategize on the
way forward in curbing
hate speech at both levels of reporting and
advertorials in Nigerian spaces
with a particular emphasis on Kano state.
The program kicked off with welcome remarks by
Malam Abdulganiyyu Rufa’i
the Program Officer (Peace) CITAD who welcomed
the participants to the
forum and explained the objectives of the workshop.
Malam Kabiru Dakata of CITAD made a
presentation on Understanding Hate and
Dangerous Speech at the first session. He started
with an outline of what
hate and dangerous speeches are and their
linkages. He explained further
that hate and dangerous speech are different but
linked i.e. one can lead
to other, viz;
1. Hate and dangerous speech are differentiated by
the influence of the
speaker.
2. They hardly lead to positive outcome.
3. Affects the speaker more than the target.
4. They are conveyed by different medium of
communication
He outlined the key attributes for the identification
of hate speech in the
context of Nigeria. He highlighted that in law any
speech, gesture or
conduct, writing or display which is forbidden
because it may incite
violence against individual or a group of people is
considered a hate
speech. He asserted broadly that a hate/dangerous
speech can be taken as
any form of expression that:
1. Harms directly or indirectly an individual or a
group of people because
of their affiliation to group that can be identified
either by ethnicity
religion or geography, etc..
2. Disparages or intimidates individuals or a group
on their baisis of the
identification
3. Denigrates people on the basis of their
membership in a group, ethnic or
religious etc
4. Condones discriminatory contempt against
people with disability or women
because of their gender.
5. Abuses figures that symbolize religious or
cultural practices.
In the last segment of his presentation, Dakata
cited examples of
hate/dangerous speech from the Rwandan
perspective. He explained how the
Hutus used the media platforms available to them
(then) during the Rwandan
civil war of 1994 to spread speeches of hate against
the Tutsis which
eventually claimed the lives of hundreds of
thousands of people. He
emphasized on the importance of media in making
or marring the peaceful
coexistence of a heterogeneous society like
Nigeria.
The second session was presented by Malam
Abdulganiyyu Rufa’i of CITAD. He
explained that CITAD domesticated the UMATI
coding framework methodology
which allowed CITAD to a have hate/dangerous
speech monitoring methodology.
He went further to present the synopsis of the
outcome of hate/dangerous
speech monitoring done by CITAD for the period
covering January to mid
July, 2015. Of which the following stood out:
1. That about 80% of the people disseminating hate/
dangerous speech use
English language to do so with a 15% visible content
in Hausa language in
Nigerian social media platforms.
2. That about 69% of the disseminators of hate/
dangerous speech in the
Nigerian social media are identifiable and can be
reached easily in case of
countering.
3. That of all the media platforms in Nigeria
generating hate/dangerous
speech, face-book stands out with 66% followed
remotely by online news
articles with 14% and then twitter 10%.
4. That about 45% of hate/dangerous speech posts
generated in the Nigerian
social media are calling for riot, 30% are calling for
beat/injure and then
23% are calling people to kill.
5. That there are a number of hate/dangerous
speeches that are being passed
around and whose circulation had previously stirred
up violence.
The session was followed with comments and
questions from the participants
and was responded by Abdulganiyyu Rufa’i.
The third session entitled “Dangerous speech on
Political Programs in Radio
Broadcast was an open discussion. Some of the
media practitioners and CSO
activists who graced the program commented with
many linking the problem of
Dangerous speech on political programs in media
broadcasts, as a whole, to
deliberate deviation from goal-driven model of
journalism to
commercially-driven model by mostly private media
houses.
The third session was also facilitated by Malam
Abdulganiyyu Rufa’i of
CITAD who presented the countering strategies
deployed by CITAD during the
period. He started by saying that monitoring was
followed by countering
dangerous speech that were found to be volatile. He
said that CITAD
deployed several strategies for countering and
elaborated the four major
strategies used by CITAD in countering hate/
dangerous speech, viz;
1. Influencing the speaker through counter speech
in unison.
2. Counter speech by influential leaders.
3. Developing audience resistant to dangerous
speech.
4. Reporting to regulatory agencies.
The final session was made a plenary session and
it was chaired by Ado
Sa’idu Warawa of Freedom Radio Kano and he was
deputized by Tijjani Yahaya
of NTA, Kano and Halima Muhammad of Rahama
Radio Kano to mainstream gender.
The session discussed and came up with the
following observations:
1. Hate and Dangerous speech is an issue in
Nigeria today as a result of
the proliferation of such messages in both
traditional and new media.
2. Political party affiliates use both traditional and
new media to promote
hate and dangerous speech.
3. Xenophobic attacks in countries outside Nigeria
on Nigerian nationals
happens too as a result of hate and dangerous
speech and that can be
handled if the traditional media in Nigerian can step
up its efforts with a
lot of commitment to the condemnation of such
atrocious acts.
3. Private media houses are found wanting in the
proper mitigation of
issues related to hate and dangerous speech and
this is attributed to their
primary motive: they are usually more
commercially-driven than development
driven.
4.No active regulatory agency exists to enforce
NBC’s code against hate and
dangerous speech on media platforms available.
The meeting then offered the following
recommendations:
1. There is need for capacity building training for
media personnel
facilitated by proprietors of media organization to
broadcast responsibly
on airwaves and avoid dangerous and hate speech.
2. There is a need for the use of traditional media to
influence new media
by encouraging discussion of trending topics on
current issues and making a
particular topic newsworthy.
3. Conventional media, using resources available to
it, can set agenda for
social media.
4. Private bills should be sponsored in the
parliament to make
government-owned media houses like NTA, FRCN
etc. independent of the
political leadership
5. The existing Government policies and laws are
flawed and outdated. They
should be reviewed and made to promote reporting
with professionalism and
integrity.
6.Taking the campaign to higher institutions of
learning whose audience is
large and extended on ways to tame hate and
dangerous speech and
mainstreaming it into curriculum.
7. There is need for the guild of corporate online
publishers to organize
training programmes for their members on what
should be and what should not
be reported online.
8. Hate and dangerous speech should not be taken
for granted and as such
media organizations should form coalition that will
monitor and counter
hate and dangerous speech.
9. There is need for a roundtable discussion
between media organizations to
identify modalities that will mitigate hate and
dangerous speech taking
into cognizance how and where hate and dangerous
speech should be reported.
10. There is need for creation of social media policy
and social media
personnel to contain hate and dangerous speech.
11. Public awareness is instrumental to countering
hate and dangerous
speech more especially if the campaign takes to
streets using banners and
flyers to educate people on the dangers of hate and
dangerous speech.
12. Media organisations in collaboration with CSOs
and CBOs should put
pressure on the government to privatize
government-owned media outlets.
13. There is need for religious and traditional
institutions to issue
admonishments to their members on the dangers of
hate and dangerous speech.
14. There is need for the establishment of clear
hate and dangerous speech
policies in their terms of service and mechanisms
of enforcing them.
15.There is need for teaching the youth (who are
majority on social media)
to think critically about all the media they consume
in order to help them
to recognize both overt and cloaked hate and
dangerous speech on social
media.
16. There is need for a collaborative effort by media
platforms and
regulators to jointly monitor and mitigate hate and
dangerous speech.
17. There is need for intense traditional media
campaign using catchy spot
programs to discourage public from engaging in
hate and dangerous speech.
18. There is need for media outlets to indulge in the
habit of settling
government taxes duly to fast track the involvement
of government in
enforcing laws guiding the tenets of broadcasting.
19. There is need for the remodeling of ‘yan-baka
venture as it may present
a very lucrative source of employment for the youth
if harnessed wisely.
OUTCOME(S)
1. At the end of the sensitization program the
representatives of the media
organisations, CSOs and CBOs came to the
conclusion that a collective
action is needed to help mitigate dangerous and
hate speech on traditional
and new media and that culminated into the
formation of a coalition
christened “Media Coalition against Hate and
Dangerous Speech”.
2. Media stations pledged to convince their
managements to develop a social
media policy and appoint social media manager to
moderate discussion and
prevent hate and dangerous speeches in their
social media platforms
3. The media organisations seek the Technical
support of CITAD to develop
their Social media policy and request that CITAD
give their Social media
managers a technical training to moderate and
develop social media
platforms for their programs.